Diffuse hair loss is a prevalent condition affecting both men and women across all age groups. It is crucial to comprehend this type of hair loss pattern to effectively address its underlying causes and implications.

In males, diffuse hair loss presents a distinct pattern characterized by widespread thinning or loss of hair across various areas of the scalp. Unlike other forms of hair loss, diffuse hair loss typically affects the entire scalp, with minimal exceptions observed in the back and sides. The predominant type of hair loss observed in diffuse hair loss is telogen hair loss, also known as telogen effluvium. This scalp disorder leads to the thinning or shedding of hair, primarily due to the hair follicles entering the telogen or resting phase of the hair growth cycle.

Telogen effluvium is often considered a temporary hair loss condition, as it is associated with specific triggers or underlying factors that disrupt the normal hair growth cycle. Identifying and addressing these triggers is essential for managing diffuse hair loss effectively.

Hair loss can arise from various factors, each affecting the hair growth cycle differently. Understanding these causes is essential for addressing and managing hair loss effectively.

Nutritional Factors:

Malnutrition, often characterized by deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals, is a common contributor to hair loss. Deficiencies in nutrients like vitamin B12, vitamin D, vitamin A, and vitamin E can significantly impact hair health and contribute to the onset of hair loss. Additionally, conditions such as anemia, often discovered incidentally during investigations for diffuse hair loss, further underscore the importance of adequate nutrition for maintaining healthy hair growth.

Hormonal Imbalances:

Hormonal disturbances play a significant role in triggering hair loss, particularly in conditions like thyroid disorders. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can disrupt the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, leading to imbalances in hormone production and subsequent hair loss. Similarly, fluctuations in adrenal hormones, such as cortisol, in response to stress can also influence the hair growth cycle, potentially exacerbating hair loss in affected individuals.

Metabolic Disorders:

Certain metabolic disorders and electrolyte imbalances can adversely affect hair growth and contribute to hair loss. Deficiencies in essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium can disrupt the hair growth cycle, leading to diffuse hair loss in both men and women. Adequate mineral replenishment is crucial for promoting hair regrowth and restoring normal hair health.

Iatrogenic Causes:

Hair loss can also be a side effect of various therapeutic agents and medications.

• • Cytostatic Drugs
  • Anticoagulants
  • Antithyroid drugs
  • Allopurinol
  • Hypolipidemic agents- used for increased level of cholesterol
  • Retinoids- used in skin treatments
  • Anticonvulsants
  • NSAIDS- Painkillers when abused
  • Antihypertensives
  • Oral contraceptives

Autoimmune Disorders and Disease-Related Factors:

Autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriasis, can lead to hair loss through scalp lesions or as a result of cytotoxic drug therapy. Additionally, acute or chronic illnesses can trigger hair loss as an immediate effect or during the recovery phase. Proper management of underlying health conditions is essential for facilitating hair regrowth and reversing diffuse hair loss.

Addressing Diffuse Hair Loss:

Early intervention and targeted treatments are crucial for promoting regrowth and managing diffuse hair loss effectively. By identifying and addressing the underlying causes, individuals can take proactive steps towards restoring healthy hair growth and regaining confidence in their appearance.