Types of Dermatitis:

1. Contact Dermatitis:Characterized by an itchy pink or red rash, contact dermatitis can result from exposure to irritants (irritant contact dermatitis) or allergens (allergic contact dermatitis).
2. Nummular Dermatitis:This type presents as coin-shaped red plaques on the skin, typically affecting the hands, arms, legs, and torso. Nummular dermatitis is more common in men aged 55 to 65.
3. Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema):Atopic dermatitis is marked by itching, scaling, swelling, and sometimes the development of blisters on the skin. It commonly affects individuals with a history of allergies or asthma.
4. Seborrheic Dermatitis:Seborrheic dermatitis manifests as greasy, reddish, or yellowish scaling on areas such as the face, scalp, genitals, skin under the breasts, and creases along the nose. It may also affect other hairy areas of the body.
5. Stasis Dermatitis:Stasis dermatitis involves edema, fluid buildup, pooling of blood, and irritation around the ankles. It often occurs in individuals with circulatory issues or conditions such as varicose veins.

Symptoms of Dermatitis:

1. Redness on the Scalp:The scalp presents with redness, accompanied by an itchy rash and flaky scales. These symptoms are indicative of seborrheic dermatitis, a common scalp condition characterized by inflammation and dandruff.
2. Oily Scalp with Eruptions:An oily scalp may develop redness, burning sensations, swelling, and itching. These symptoms often accompany conditions like seborrheic dermatitis, where excessive oil production contributes to scalp inflammation and the formation of skin eruptions.
3. Boils with Itching:Inflamed, itchy patches, resembling boils, may occur during flare-ups of certain types of dermatitis. These patches can manifest anywhere on the body, particularly in areas prone to friction and moisture buildup, such as the face, breast, groin, underarm folds, and around the navel. These symptoms may be indicative of conditions like nummular dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis.

Causes of Different Types of Dermatitis:

• Contact Dermatitis:

Cosmetics, Hair Dyes, Perfumes, and Skin-care Products: Chemicals present in these products can trigger an allergic reaction or irritation upon contact with the skin.

• Irritant Contact Dermatitis:

Nail Polish Remover, Antiperspirants, Soaps, Detergents, Synthetic Fibres: Exposure to these substances, particularly in high concentrations or frequent use, can irritate the skin and lead to dermatitis

Formaldehyde: Found in various products like polishes and non-iron fabrics, formaldehyde is a known irritant that can cause skin reactions.

• Allergic Contact Dermatitis:

Jewellery Containing Nickel or Cobalt: Metals like nickel and cobalt found in jewellery can trigger allergic reactions in susceptible individuals.

Rubber Gloves: Some individuals may develop allergic contact dermatitis from wearing rubber gloves due to sensitivities to latex or other chemicals present in the gloves.

• Nummular Dermatitis:

Hot Showers, Dry Environment: Excessive exposure to hot water during showers or living in dry climates can exacerbate nummular dermatitis by drying out the skin and disrupting its barrier function.

• Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema):

Stress: Emotional stress can exacerbate symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

Asthma, Allergies: Atopic dermatitis is often associated with other allergic conditions like asthma and allergies, suggesting a shared underlying mechanism.

• Seborrheic Dermatitis:

Maternal Hormonal Changes in Newborns: Seborrheic dermatitis in newborns is often attributed to maternal hormonal changes during pregnancy.

Poor Scalp Hygiene, Androgenic Alopecia: Factors such as inadequate scalp hygiene and conditions like androgenic alopecia can contribute to the development of seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp.

• Stasis Dermatitis:

Poor Circulation: Conditions that impede blood flow, such as congestive heart failure or varicose veins, can lead to stasis dermatitis due to inadequate nutrient and oxygen supply to the skin tissues.